History of Reptiles 3. An audio descriptive version of the film is available via our media player. Origin of Species Lizards Quiz_AnswerKey 2019.pdf - Evo-Short 2 Quiz Answer Key BIO B51 Evolutionary Biology Origin of Species Lizards in an, 3 out of 3 people found this document helpful, View Videos; Short Films; Level. C. A horizontal branch in an evolutionary tree indicates: A. Gradualism B. Punctuated equilibrium C. Extinction D. Convergent evolution E. Temporal isolation. 3. If dewlap colour is important for mate choice, then a change in dewlap colour between shade‐living and open‐living anoles may mean that they do not interbreed if they come in contact. Bob Kuhn describes how he uses BioInteractive resources to teach speciation to his students. The species that are similar according to body type are not more closely related based on the results obtained from the DNA sequence analysis. Darwin's book introduced the scientific theory that … microevolution (Lizards in an Evolutionary Tree) Part F: DNA evidence suggests that anole lizard species from the four largest Caribbean islands are related as shown in the figure. The sequence includes the NADH dehydrogenase subunit 2 gene along with … Thus the populations could speciate since there is no exchange of genes through mating. Characteristic Features 4. if they eat entirely different types of foods. Assuming the introduced populations had similar variation as the original, natural selection would arise because individuals with smaller legs/toe pads would have higher lifetime reproductive success, likely because they were better at running after/catching prey and/or running away from predators. Duration. Process: There is reasonable evidence that this is evolution by natural selection. Gene sequence analysis shows that the different ecomorphs on each island are more closely related to each other than they are to the same ecomorph on the other islands. See “Teaching Tips” for suggestions on implementing this activity and Figure 1 a. the presence of predators. Learn vocabulary, terms, and more with flashcards, games, and other study tools. This activity explores the concepts and research on the anole lizards discussed in the short film The Origin of Species: Lizards in an Evolutionary Tree, including adaptation by natural selection, convergent evolution, and the formation of new species. b. According to the species concept used in the film, when are organisms considered to belong to different species? The original population is variable (+ on graph) for toe pad size and leg length. The tree shows that all eight anole species share a common ancestor. The Origin of Species: Lizards in an Evolutionary Tree Cara Larracas, Stacy Lopez, Takara Yaegashi Period 4. Bob Kuhn describes how he uses BioInteractive resources to teach speciation to his students. In the film, Jonathan Losos placed a male and female (long‐legged) trunk‐ground anole on an island that did not have any trees but had short grass and shrubs (with thin branches and twigs). Differences in limb length, body shape, and toepad size reflect adaptations to life on the ground, on thin branches, or high in the canopy. A small angle for a branch point in an evolutionary tree indicates: A. Please see the Terms of Use for information on how this resource can be used. High School — General High School — AP/IB College. The Origin of Species: Lizards in an Evolutionary Tree — This short video (~17 minutes) covers the concepts of adaptation, islands ... Scientists use these data to do real science and answer questions like which anole species tolerate urbanization or which species take advantage of the night-light-niche. The Origin of Species Lizards in an Evolutionary Tree USING DNA TO EXPLORE LIZARD PHYLOGENY INTRODUCTION The more than 700 islands of the Caribbean are home to about 150 species of anoles, a closely related group of lizards (genus Anolis) that occupy diverse habitats and niches. By analyzing the DNA of over 100 anoles from Puerto Rico, Hispaniola, Jamaica, and Cuba, researchers have determined that they all trace their ancestry to a single … d. The two anoles reproduced and the legs of their descendants remained similar from one generation to the next. In these experiments, they placed 5 to 10 male and female lizards on each of 14 different islands that had been ‘hurricane scrubbed’ (had no lizards) and tracked the traits of the resulting populations over 10 years. Teaching Evolution Using Lizards and Tetrapods, Look Who's Coming for Dinner: Selection by Predation, Effects of Predation on the Niche of Lizards, Reproductive Isolation and Speciation in Lizards, The Origin of Species: The Beak of the Finch, Effects of Natural Selection on Finch Beak Size, Natural Selection and the Evolution of Darwin’s Finches. Briefly explain how the dewlap signal may evolve differently in anoles adapted to live on the trunks of shady trees compared to those adapted to life on bushes in open areas, and how this might affect speciation. View Background Information Throughout the Caribbean Islands there is a species of anole lizards that throughout time have evolved into different sub species. The anoles are excellent examples of adaptive radiation, convergent evolution, and speciation through reproductive isolation. 5. With about 400 species,Anolishas played an important role in the development of ecological theory and has become a model system exemplifying the integration of ecological, evolutionary, and behavioral studies to understand … The Origin of Species: Lizards in an Evolutionary Tree [NARRATOR:] The diversity of animals on our planet is breathtaking. 180 Small Treatment all Control --Medium Treatment --Large Themen --Medium Control -Large Control 160 140 120 Perch Height (cm) 100 80 60 40 20 1995 1995 1990 1997 1990 May Jun-Aug Year Figure 1: The figure shows perch … The figures below show two phylogenetic trees similar to the one you constructed in the virtual lab but with more lizards. 3. (there is more than 1 correct answer) a. body size b. leg length Note: anoles also differ in dewlap colour, but it does c. dewlap colour not affect their survival; although it may affect their d. mouth‐gape size mating success) e. toe‐pad size 2. What happened to the anole population? All the Anolis species are more related to one another than they are to L. carinatus, which belongs to a different genus of lizards. I do not have enough information to answer this question. The Origin of Species: Lizards in an Evolutionary Tree – Dan Lewitt / HHMI (2013) Anole lizards together with cichlid fishes and Darwin’s finches are one of the star organisms in studying a rapid evolution pattern called adaptive radiation. The Origin of Species: Lizards in an Evolutionary Tree prior to the activity is highly recommended and will require an additional 17 minutes. Puerto Rico, Cuba, Jamaica, and Hispaniola have different species of anole lizards with distinct body types, called ecomorphs. e. the types of prey that were available. Describe what the data show, the conclusions you can draw from these data, and the process that lead to this outcome. The Origin of Species Lizards in an Evolutionary Tree USING DNA TO EXPLORE LIZARD PHYLOGENY INTRODUCTION The more than 700 islands of the Caribbean are home to about 150 species of anoles, a closely related group of lizards (genus Anolis) that occupy diverse habitats and niches. Full Document, Origin of Species Lizards Quiz_AnswerKey 2017, Kami_Export_-_Lizard-Evolution-Virtual-Lab-Student-Worksheet.pdf, Lizard Evolution Virtual Lab Worksheet.pdf, California State University, Long Beach • BIOL 340, Skyview High School, Nampa • BIOLOGY Anatomy &, Coastline Community College • BIOLOGY BIOL-100L, Computer Communication Development Institute (CCDI) College, University of Toronto, Scarborough • BIO B51, Computer Communication Development Institute (CCDI) College • BIO 112. Select which tree in the figure illustrates the most likely hypothesis for how the different species of anole lizards evolved on the Caribbean islands according to the film: _____ the tree on the left _____ the tree on the right c. Using evidence presented in the film, explain the reasoning behind your answer … Anoles that live in open areas may evolve darker dewlaps because they are more visible than light coloursin that environment, similarly, those that live in shady areas may evolve light‐coloured dewlaps. A basioccipital bone is present in the skull which articulates with the vertebral … 8. I would conclude that this is support for the hypothesis that the anoles adapt to conditions on the island with respect to their locomotion on twigs. c. the physical structure of the material across which the lizard had to move. B) List and explain the evolutionary forces that resulted in this type of speciation. Remarkably, similar combinations of these traits have evolved independently on different islands, a phenomenon known as convergent evolution. The trees embrace two kinds of information related to evolutionary change, cladogenesis and anagenesis. (Hint: you need to determine how many evolutionary changes occur on each tree) The tree on the LEFT. Each island has a number of different ecomorphs which are also found on other islands. One of these two trees illustrates the most likely hypothesis for how the different species evolved on the Caribbean islands given the data currently available. There are certainly many different theories about there about the evolution of the Lizard. Full Document. The anoles are excellent examples of adaptive radiation, convergent evolution, and speciation through reproductive isolation. b. the amount of ambient light. The Origin of Species: Lizards in an Evolutionary Tree. Definition and Origin of Reptiles 2. 6. … The short film "Lizards in an Evolutionary Tree" introduces students to how new species arise. Are the species of lizard that are more similar to one another according to body type also more closely related based on the results obtained in this module? 5) What patterns … If you don’t have anoles around you, you can also use … If you picked a body feature, speculate about the advantages or disadvantages of such a body feature in the environment they occupy. The phylogenetic trees in the figure illustrate two hypotheses for how these types of lizards may have evolved. The anole‐introduction experiment shown in the film was a representation of a large‐scale experiment Losos and colleagues conducted in the 70’s and 80’s. Hear how educators are using BioInteractive content in their teaching. … 2. The figure can be used to illustrate both kinds. 4) Describe the six different types of body shapes that the lizards have. The video showed that anoles with smaller leg sizes do better when trying to move across twigs. Berkeley, CA: University of California Press, 2011. He was testing the hypothesis that the anoles introduced to these islands would evolve in a way that made them more well‐adapted to moving/foraging/resting on the twigs that were most common on those islands. Using parsimony only, which tree would be considered to be more likely? Climbing is also one of the features that many species of Lizards has through the evolution process. They rely on padded feet and very thin hairs that you can barely see to help them grip and move with alarming speed. Research on these lizards is enriching our understanding of … Select which tree in the figure illustrates the most likely hypothesis for how the different species of anole lizards evolved on the Caribbean islands according to the film: _____ the tree on the left _____ the tree on the right c. Using … if they do not mate or produce fertile offspring. On the Origin of Species (or, more completely, On the Origin of Species by Means of Natural Selection, or the Preservation of Favoured Races in the Struggle for Life), published on 24 November 1859, is a work of scientific literature by Charles Darwin that is considered to be the foundation of evolutionary biology. Lizards in an Evolutionary Tree. In this case this means the evolution of reduced leg length and reduced toe pad size. The Origin of Species Revised March 2018 Page 2 of 5 Film Guide The Origin of Species: Lizards in an Evolutionary Tree Student Handout b. 4. This can be seen by comparing the mean values on each island after 10 years (solid triangles and circles) to the mean of the original population (x). Classification. The Origin of Species: Lizards in an Evolutionary Tree This film explores the adaptation of anole lizards (genus Anolis) to habitats common across the islands of the Caribbean. With more than 5,600 different species to take a look at there is a … Losos, Jonathan. Evolution - Evolution - Evolutionary trees: Evolutionary trees are models that seek to reconstruct the evolutionary history of taxa—i.e., species or other groups of organisms, such as genera, families, or orders. The film also describes how new species of anoles are formed due to variations in the color of their dewlaps, a reproductive trait that determines their mating behavior. Ecomorphs are species that occupy a similar niche and have similar morphology and behaviour. Identification number, name of lizard species found, island each lizard was found, its habitat, and body shape. He begins with the short film Lizards in an Evolutionary Tree to introduce students to how new species arise. This resource complies with accessibility standards in accordance with the final rule for Section 508 of the National Rehabilitation Act. Prof Andrade BIOB51 Winter 2019 Answer Key The tree on the left is actually the one best supported by the current data. Prof Andrade BIOB51 Winter 2019 Answer Key Briefly state the hypothesis Losos was testing in this experiment. Course Hero is not sponsored or endorsed by any college or university. The Origin of Species Lizards in an Evolutionary Tree Part 1: Identifying Ecomorphs and Exploring Adaptive Radiation 1. Figure 1. Unformatted text preview: Evo-Short 2 Quiz Answer Key BIO B51: Evolutionary Biology Origin of Species: Lizards in an Evolutionary Tree 1. d. the frequency of hurricanes. (Lizards in an Evolutionary Tree) Part E: Evolution of shorter legs in anole lizards placed on small, hurricane-scrubbed islands is an example of which type of evolution? The … Losos proposed that lizards diversified on each island because of selection for adaptation to the different niches present on each island. 33 Users. The two anoles reproduced and their surviving descendants had shorter legs than their parents. He then uses a hands-on activity in which students order different species of anole lizards into a phylogenetic tree. Prof Andrade BIOB51 Winter 2019 ... Shot on location in the Caribbean, Losos demonstrates the traits that enable dozens of anole species to adapt to different vertical niches in the forest. The film is part of the Bio-interactive series of resources … This preview shows page 1 out of 4 pages. 2 BioInteractive Playlists. If the offspring of smaller‐legged anoles also have smaller legs on average than the offspring of larger‐legged anoles, then there would be change in the population over time (in this question I tell you nothing about inheritance of this trait, but the video does). In the Caribbean, he's studying a remarkable group of lizards. c. The legs of the two anoles got shorter and their descendants inherited shorter legs. In this activity, students explore the phenomenon of convergent evolution presented in the short film The Origin of Species: Lizards in an Evolutionary Tree. Research on these lizards is enriching our understanding of The two anoles died because there were no trees for them to live in. Extinction B. Punctuated equilibrium C. Gradualism D. Convergent evolution E. Temporal isolation . Topic. The tree on the RIGHT. adaptation, convergent evolution, ecological niche, macroevolution, microevolution, reproductive isolation, speciation, trait. e. The descendants of the two anoles had darker dewlaps than their parents. IB Environmental Systems and Societies (2017). This is NOT the most parsimonious hypothesis, but it is best supported by the data. Thus the similar traits in each ecomorph on different islands are Homoplasies. Jonathan Losos is a veteran field biologist that has studied the traits that enable dozens of anole species to adapt … This film explores the adaptation of anole lizards (genus Anolis) to habitats common across the islands of the Caribbean.
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